(1) Two- and three-week versions of this program were conducted by Futurepast: Inc. in December 1994 and June 1996.
(2) This program, for high-level Russian decision makers, was conducted by Futurepast: Inc.
The Seminar
A. Overview
The Futurepast/GETF ISO 14000 Seminar took place in Moscow in facilities of the Russian Federation Civil Service Academy. The program began on Monday afternoon and concluded on Friday afternoon of the week of 27-31 October 1997. The program was attended by 21 participants sponsored by the US Agency for International Development and two additional attendees (listed in Appendix A). Two faculty co-presented the seminar: John Shideler, PhD, president of Futurepast, and Joe Cascio, vice-president of environmental management, GETF. Joining them in making introductory and concluding remarks was Vladislav Balashov, Executive Director of the Training and Consulting Centre Practic. A guest presentation was also provided by Dr. Renat Perelet, Professor of Systems Science at the International Independent University of Ecology and Politology (Moscow).
The seminar provided participants with a thorough introduction to the ISO 14000 series of environmental management standards. The primary focus was on ISO 14001, Environmental Management Systems. An additional focus of the seminar was the wider context for ISO 14000, particularly its relation to the command-and-control regulatory approaches that are practiced by many governments, the nature of the organizational change that adoption of ISO 14001 requires, the experience to-date of companies and countries in implementing ISO 14000, and the known and anticipated benefits of implementing environmental management systems. Throughout the seminar specific attention was focused on the Russian context for implementing ISO 14000 standards. (For the complete agenda of the seminar, please see Appendix B.)
B. Synopsis of the Presentations
The seminar presentations and instructional methodology focused on two major themes. One was ISO 14001 itself: what the standard is, how it should be implemented, and the context in which it should be understood, including government response in western countries to ISO 14001. A second theme was attitudinal and behavioral change for individuals and organizations. Since ISO 14001 is about management practices and organizational transformation, the seminar addressed the subjects of leadership and leadership development, the how and why of public participation, and the role and advantages of trade associations. Seminar faculty also used case studies to illustrate points and to tie the abstract notions presented theoretically to concrete business examples.
The components the ISO 14001 environmental management system standard are expressed graphically in the following chart, which was frequently referred to during the seminar in its Russian translation. The chart communicates much about the content and the relationship of the various components of the management system that the ISO 14001 standard mandates.
![[ISO Schematic]](ISO_Schematic.jpg)
The main point of the seminar presentations on ISO 14001 was to emphasize, and then repeat over and again, that the environmental management system constitutes an approach that a business takes to managing environmental aspects of its business. ISO 14001 does not establish performance standards. The latter are still the responsibility of governments in each country, and ISO 14001 does not supplant or substitute for them. Rather, a company that implements ISO 14001 will begin with corporate goals that are given concrete form in a written an environmental policy. This policy at a minimum must include commitments to comply with all applicable environmental laws and regulations, to continuously improve the system of environmental management, and to reduce pollution.
In a series of presentations, participants learned about each element of the ISO 14001 standard. Additional presentations covered the as-yet unpublished product and life-cycle standards, the system of registration (also known as certification) of companies, the role of national ISO certification authorities, and the role of certified ISO 14000 training providers and audit companies.
The curriculum design included both faculty presentations and breakout sessions in which participants met in groups to discuss and report on issues, to practice formulating ISO 14001-style environmental management policy statements, to chart milestones for ISO 14000 implementation, and to identify potential roadblocks and solutions that might be found to overcome them. Participants were active throughout the seminar. They listened to lectures, raised questions, and participated in small group discussions. They made presentations to the larger group, transferred information presented to the group to the process flowchart located at the back of the room, and they engaged each other in dialogues--often quite spirited--about what they were learning and its application to the present-day reality of Russia.
During the week participants worked toward synthesis of individual and group perspectives and concluded the seminar with a candid exchange of views, discussion of next steps, and assessment of the week's work. On the final day of the seminar, participants identified important issues that they anticipate would need to be addressed when considering future implementation efforts.
C. Synopsis of the Discussions
During the week participants raised several significant issues relating to the implementation of ISO 14001 in Russia. Following is a synopsis of the discussions concerning six of these issues.
1. What can or should be done about Russian Federation environmental laws and regulations that are so strict that nearly 100% of industrial operations are not able to achieve compliance?
An early issue to arise concerned the strictness of Russian Federation environmental laws and regulations. According to industry participants, there is virtually no Russian industrial facility that currently complies with all applicable laws. The laws, which in some cases may be more than ten times more strict than US regulations, were developed to provide low theoretical public health risk thresholds without consideration of technological capability or economic feasibility. This issue concerns the ability of Russian companies to be certified under ISO 14001 if they are unable to meet the requirements of Russian national environmental performance standards. Questions arose since ISO 14001 requires that companies make three commitments: to comply with the national laws and regulations of the countries in which they operate, to make continuous improvement in their environmental management, and to reduce pollution.
The answer given to the participants was that, yes, it is possible for a company that is not in compliance with the national laws and regulations in which they operate to establish an environmental management system that could be certified as conforming to the ISO 14001 standard. Company policy would still need to include the goal to achieve compliance, but if compliance is not currently possible, its pursuit by the company would be sufficient. The seminar faculty pointed out that from their point of view, maintaining government standards and regulations that cannot be met by industry is poor public policy, because it breeds contempt of legal requirements and does create an incentive for industry to strive to achieve the additional increments of environmental performance that might be achievable under regulations that took technology and economic feasibility into account. Russian participants from both industry and government agreed with this logic, but also appeared to believe that there was little likelihood that the government in the near future would advocate a relaxation of standards that seem to have strong public support.
2. Should the State Committee on Environment adopt ISO 14000 as a government-mandated requirement?
On the opening day of the seminar, a participant from the State Committee on Environment told the group that the State Committee wished to make the ISO 14000 series of standards mandatory in Russia. In mid week the same representative said that the State Committee on Environment has a certification system for products and waste streams. She said that Russia wants to certify products and waste streams according to ISO 14000 standards, and indicated that Russian companies would be able to choose to be regulated under ISO 14000 standards or the current set of regulatory standards.
The foregoing statements provided evidence of some initial confusion concerning the nature of the ISO 14001 series of standards, particularly ISO 14001, environmental management systems. Such confusion is not limited to Russia; in the United States and elsewhere many people initially assume, incorrectly, that the terms "standard" and "environmental management" refer to a set of environmental performance standards rather than to requirements for a management system.
By the end of the week it was clear that representatives of industry opposed the suggestion that the State Committee on Environment should mandate implementation of ISO 14001. During several quite candid exchanges, industry representatives said that they believed that a government-implemented certification system would amount to nothing more than a new tax on industry, in much the same way that industry pays for licenses and certifications in other regulatory areas. The State Committee representative, on the other hand, posed the question whether industry would implement ISO 14001 voluntarily if implementation of the standards was not required.
The seminar faculty responded that, while a national government could require companies to implement ISO 14001-based environmental management systems, it was contrary to the development history and spirit of the standards for them to do so. As a practical matter, it would be difficult to achieve an internationally-recognized certification system based on required adoption of environmental management systems, because the certification process depends to a large extent on the ability of a company or facility seeking to be certified to demonstrate its commitment and intent to improve the ways in which it conducts business. It must then substantiate in subsequent audits that its management systems are in place and actually achieving results. A mandatory regime might produce one of two outcomes: either many companies would not qualify for certification, and thus fail the regulatory requirement, or certification standards might be violated in order to enable them to appear to meet the requirements. In the former case one might well question the logic of imposing the requirement. In the latter case, one might predict problems in obtaining or maintaining international recognition for Russia's accreditation authority and audit firms.
3. What entity should be constituted as the official accreditation authority?
When the seminar began, the expectation of many participants was that if ISO 14000 standards were implemented in Russia, that they would be implemented through a government authority such as the State Committee on Environment, or perhaps the State Committee on Standards. On the last day of the seminar, faculty presented diagrams showing how registrations to ISO 14000 standards are made in Western countries. Most accreditation boards in OECD countries are non-governmental organizations, though many operate under some form of government sanction or delegation of authority. These national accreditation boards have established an "International Advisory Forum" to assist in working out international compatibility of national ISO 14000 structures, and this organization is not only nongovernmental but it is also independent of the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) itself.
The issue raised during the seminar is whether Russia would follow a pattern similar to other industrialized countries, and create non-governmental structures to administer ISO 14000, or whether it would create governmental structures instead. Based on the comments of the representatives from government organizations, it was clear that those representatives expected that Russia would follow the latter course. However, there is interest on the part of the Russian Federation Chamber of Commerce and Industry, a nongovernmental business and industry organization, to become Russia's official accreditation body. If this were to occur, Russia would gain an administrative structure for ISO 14000 that, organizationally at least, resembled that of OECD countries. The choice of governmental or nongovernmental with respect to accreditation authorities is in one sense irrelevant in and of itself. What really matters is the credibility and seriousness of the organization, and its ability ultimately to reach and maintain mutual recognition agreements with other international accreditation authorities.
4. What is the position of Russian industry with respect to implementation of ISO 14001?
The representatives of Russian industry present at the seminar spoke most frequently during informal exchanges that arose in response to comments from the representative of the State Committee on Environment. Industry positions expressed included opposition to a mandatory requirement for adopting ISO 14001, and the belief that if the State Committee on Environment mandates that industry adopt the ISO standard, that the resulting system will more than anything else function as a new source for government revenue. One industry representative was more blunt. He said that industry is afraid of government regulators, and that the documentation requirements in ISO 14001 raise the specter that bribery might become an issue. Existing examples of regulatory requirements administered in an arbitrary way include environmental passports, technology licenses, required approvals for emergency response statements, and health ministry certificates. ISO 14001 could be similar if implemented by government, industry said.
One industry representative said that there is inefficiency in Russian company operations, and that management needs to take a more active role in eliminating it. He added that he favored the voluntary approach. Another said that the economic benefits of ISO 14001 implementation are not yet clear, and that it was important to know what approach to implementation would be taken in Russia before expressing a judgment on its desirability. Another industry representative said that industry would feel more comfortable dealing with foreign registrars rather than Russian government ones. Another acknowledged that the environmental shortcomings of Russian industry are hurting companies in their search for foreign investment.
5. How can behavioral and cultural issues be addressed?
The ISO 14000 seminar addressed cultural change in three ways. In the first instance, by pointing out that companies-even western ones-that adopted ISO 14001 expended the greatest effort and cost in training employees and in managing change. In the second instance, a specific segment of the curriculum addressed change management, with particular reference to economies in transition, using references to Poland as the point of departure. Finally, the seminar itself was designed to be participatory, and seminar faculty stated that they were intentionally modeling through the seminar itself some of the participatory techniques that companies should adopt when implementing ISO 14001.
Throughout the seminar participants engaged each other in animated discussions, worked diligently in breakout sessions, and asked probing questions of the seminar faculty. This result may be attributed to three factors: the approach, techniques, and skill of the seminar faculty; the fact that many of the participants had previous experience in USAID-sponsored American-style training experiences; and the fact that the seminar, though conducted in Russia, was conducted by non-Russian faculty.
The literature on change management in economies in transition does not provide a great basis for optimism with regard to the prospects for rapid and deep cultural and behavioral change. There is surely much change occurring in Russia, at least on the surface, but there is also evidence that patterns of behavior that are deeply rooted in Russian history continue to exercise considerable influence. In his concluding presentation on the final day of the seminar, Vladislav Balashov drew attention to a diagram drawn by Joe Cascio that showed a nongovernmental structure comprised of an accreditation board, registration audit firms, and registration audit firm certifiers. Compare this structure, he said, to the simple reporting and accountability relationships that exist in Russia. They can be represented by two boxes. The top box represents an organ of government, the bottom one an entity such as a firm or an individual. In Russia the only relationships that matter are the hierarchical ones that join these two boxes. And, he said, this has been true not only for the last eighty years, but since as long ago as the reign of Ivan the Terrible.
If behavioral and cultural change in Russia will not be rapid, but will occur in gradual increments, there may still be some basis for optimism. One of the participants in the seminar represents the Russian Federation Chamber of Commerce and Industry, a nongovernmental organization that aspires to become Russia's accreditation board. The international community can assist Russia in changing the organizational patterns that influence behavior by supporting the development in Russia of ISO 14000 structures that resemble as closely as possible the corresponding structures in the West.
6. How can the costs of implementing ISO 14000 be met?
The question of the cost of implementing ISO 14001 arose at several points during the seminar. Participants identified costs associated with the certification process, with the purchase of new technology that would enable a company either to comply with environmental performance standards or make progress toward complying with them, and with the training of employees. Faculty presented data from some companies in Western Europe that had implemented ISO 14001 that broke out costs paid for outside consultants, for external auditors and registration expenses, and for employee training.
Industry representatives appeared to see the costs as reported by western firms as indicative of the magnitude of expense that they would incur in implementing ISO 14001. Faculty responded that there are very few "hard" costs associated with ISO 14001 implementation, and that the majority of reported costs from western firms are really of an accounting nature. They are calculated by adding up the number of hours that employees report spending on learning about and implementing ISO 14001. This accounting methodology assumes that employees' time, when so spent, should be deducted from "productive" time as a cost. It also presumes that employees do not find ways to also accomplish the work that they are normally expected to do. Second, the concern about employee's labor costs does not recognize the potential for realization of annual cost savings that companies that implement ISO 14001 should accrue. Such savings have been demonstrated time and again by western companies, and also by companies from countries in transition such as Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine, and elsewhere.(3) Such savings, once realized, are permanent, and are a source of financial dividends that companies can tap for years to come.
There is as yet no reported experience of a firm or facility in an economy in transition earning certification under ISO 14001. The first companies that do so will likely be export-oriented firms that employ western consultants to help design their policies and implementation strategies. They will likely earn their certifications from third-country audit registration firms that are themselves certified by a certifying firm that has been accredited by an accreditation board in North America or Western Europe.
As for technology, there is no requirement under ISO 14001 that any particular technologies be utilized. Companies may fully implement ISO 14001 without making technological or process upgrades. In implementing ISO 14001, however, many companies will find relatively low-cost improvements that they can employ immediately. These will result in cost savings that the company can use to potentially offset its "hard" costs of implementing ISO 14001.
Finally, with respect to employee training, the employee time "costs" to Russian firms will be much lower on a person-month basis because salaries of individual workers are only a fraction of the salaries of workers in developed industrialized countries.
Viewed from a global market perspective, it is difficult to see how Russian industry can, in the long run, become globally competitive without investing in both human resource development and in technology. ISO 14001 belongs squarely in the former category, though its adoption suggests that a company with confidence in its long-term future will also invest in technology as well.
(3) The USAID-supported World Environment Center has documented results from implementation of their "eco-efficiency" methodologies.
Recommendations
Implementation of ISO 14000-based environmental management systems will provide substantial benefits to Russian industry. The principal benefit is that firms that implement ISO 14001 will discover ways to increase the efficiency of their operations. This will occur when senior management communicates a commitment to achieve environmental objectives to the entire workforce, provides employees with training, encourages reexamination of policies and procedures, stimulates innovation and encourages employees to take a leading stewardship role in managing the company's environmental aspects, and develops incentives and rewards for meeting the company's environmental policy.
A second benefit, which is likely to become increasingly important within the space of just a few years, is competitive advantage in the global marketplace. Already the government of Taiwan has mandated that its suppliers be ISO 14001 certified, and we believe that this is just the beginning of a trend that will manifest itself first in one industrial sector, then in another, and eventually in most or in all. Current sectors that appear already to moving in this direction include electronics, pharmaceuticals and chemicals, and automobiles.
Because ISO 14001 is about management systems, the cost of voluntary adoption will be low. The principal ingredient needed is motivation on the part of management to make environmental management a priority. The initial investment that is required will be a relatively modest sum for training and training materials. Survey information from companies in western Europe and known data from companies in North America suggest that the largest resource demand for companies implementing ISO 14001 will be for investment in human resource development.
The US Agency for International Development is well placed to provide some of the training that Russian enterprises (and other enterprises in the New Independent States) need. USAID has an established track record in this area, and has been asked by the government of President Boris Yeltsin to help implement a substantial managerial training program that he announced in July 1997. To meet this demand, and to build upon its previous investments in human resource development in the areas of environmental policy, we recommend that USAID provide significant new opportunities for Russian industry to learn about ISO 14000 and to implement environmental management systems. Specifically, we recommend that USAID provide funding for:
- "train the trainers" seminars that would provide training by US instructions who have completed an accredited ISO 14000 training course to Russians, especially to representatives from industry, government, and educational institutions;
- in-country training to enterprises in Russian regions, conducted in conjunction with economic development initiatives to reinforce the message that investment in environmental management systems returns economic benefits and can be justified as a sound business decision;
- study tours in the United States that will familiarize key Russian government officials and other interested parties with the structure of the ISO-approved but nongovernmental national certification authority in the United States, and with other key infrastructure elements associated with implementation of the environmental management system standard, such as audit companies, training course providers, consultant firms, publishers of information materials, etc., and that will acquaint participants with the policy implications for national and regional regulatory authorities of ISO 14001;
- study tours in the United States to well-managed US companies that have implemented ISO 14001 or "ISO 14001-like" environmental management systems;
- publication and distribution in Russia of Russian-language materials on ISO 14001.
Seminar Participants
Akimova, Nina Petrovna, Head of Experimental Laboratory, State Scientific Center "Gintsvetmet"
Arkhipov, Nikolai Alexandrovitch, Deputy Technical Manager for Ecology, Joint Stock "Severstal" plant (Ferrous Metallurgical plant)
Borisenko, Victor Dmitrievitch, Head of Environment Preservation Department, State Space Scientific Industrial Center named after Khrunitchev
Chernaya, Valentina Tikhonovna, Head of the Group of Quality Control of Analytic Jobs and Measurement, Joint-Stock Company "Severstal" Department of Rational Use of Natural Resources
Gleikin, Vasili Nikolaevitch, Senior specialist on the environment protection, Chemical factory
Karimova, Rovza Merverdinovna, Deputy General Director, Association "Volgogradecotechzerno"
Khotulyova, Marina Vladilenovna, Director, Ecology-Analysis-Information. ECOLINE Consulting, Moscow
Limonova, Irina Vassilievna, Head of ecological certification, audit and insurance department, State Committee for environmental protection
Liudukhovskaia, Sofia Mikhailovna, Master of Cleaning Equipment, Moscow Factory of Technical Paper, Experimentary Firm "Soyuz"
Mikhailov, Boris Vasilevich, Chief, YOPS, Joint-Stock Company Nizhnitagilskii Metallurgical Kombinat
Nikonov, Grigori Grigorievitch, Deputy Head, State Brewery
Piskulov, Yuri Vassilievitch, Head of Chair of International and Foreign Trade, Russian Academy of Foreign Trade
Rebrik, Ivan Ivanovich, Deputy Chief of Department OSS, Joint-Stock Company "Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Plant"
Rozov, Sergei Ivanovich, Deputy Head, Tcherepovets knitted wear corporation
Savina, Irina Mikhailovna, Senior Technologist, JSC "Moscow Glass Factory"
Shakhkalamian, Grigori Stepanovitch, Head of the Department, Institute of the Economic Problems of the Use of Natural Resources
Shcheglova, Marina Vladimirovna, Senior Specialist, Russian Federation State Committee on Environmental Protection
Shokina, Lidia Ivanovna, Deputy Chairman of Committee, member of Council of Commission on Stable Development, Chamber of Commerce of Russian Federation. Committee on Ecology and Environmental Protection
Shouldiner, Evgeni Semenovitch, Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Nature Use Economical Problems
Uvarov, Sergei Pavlovich, Head of Department, Akron Company (Novgorod)
Zimina, Elena Nikolaevna, Head of Department of Ecological Standardization, State Committee of Environment Protection of Volgograd
Additional Participants:
Dibrov, Aleksei Konstantinovich, Chief Scientific Specialist, Director of Department, VNII Nature/International Center for Training System
Shilov, Aleksander Sergeievich, Vice Head of Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Russian Federation Civil Service Academy
Seminar Faculty
John Shideler, Futurepast
John Shideler, President of Futurepast: Inc., is a social scientist specializing in environmental and natural resource policy and planning. He has provided consulting services to the US Department of Energy and other government and private sector clients, designed and conducted NET Project training programs for USAID, and published books and articles in environmental and academic research fields. He designed and conducted Futurepast's two- and three-week versions of the NET Project program in environmental business and economics, conducted in December 1994 and June-July 1996. He also designed the follow-on program in environmental business and economics that was conducted in Moscow in April 1996. Dr. Shideler designed a three-week program on international environmental agreements (November-December 1995) as well as a follow-on program in Kyiv on environmental policy (November 1996), both for Ukrainian officials, and in May 1997 designed and conducted a program on environmental management for high-level Russian officials under the Global Training for Development project. He received BA and MA degrees from the University of Washington and MA and PhD degrees from the University of California, Berkeley.
Joe Cascio, Global Environment and Technology Foundation
Joe Cascio is the Vice President of Environmental Management and the Chairman of the US Technical Advisory Group for Technical Committee 207. He is a key resource for GETF's EM Program and best serves the business interests of the program in a not-for-profit environment. Mr. Cascio has been the lead US delegate to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) on the ISO 14000 environmental management standards since 1991. He previously served as the Chairman of the US Technical Advisory Group for the Strategic Advisory Group on the Environment (SAGE), the precursor of ISO Technical Committee 207 (TC 207). When SAGE was superseded by TC 207, Mr. Cascio was again elected Chairman of the new US Technical Advisory Group to TC 207, the position he holds today. He is recognized in the US and throughout the world as an expert on environmental management and as the key architect and strategist in formulating the US posture on ISO 14000.
Mr. Cascio co-authored the "ISO 14000 Guide" published by McGraw-Hill and edited "The ISO 14000 Handbook," published by CEEM Information Services. He has authored over two-dozen articles and papers on environmental management, delivered over 300 speeches and presentations, and testified before congressional subcommittees on this subject. Before joining GETF, Mr. Cascio was employed by the IBM Corporation for twenty six years, the last fourteen devoted to environmental management and policy development. From 1984 to 1991, he was IBM's representative and lead on public policy issues in the environmental field. During that time he was very active in various industry associations including the Business Roundtable, the American Electronics Association, the Electronics Industry Association, the US Council for International Business, and the Global Environmental Management Initiative. Mr. Cascio was the principal author of the ICC Charter for Sustainable Development. Mr. Cascio has earned the following academic degrees: BS, Engineering, 1966, Polytechnic University of New York; MS, Management, 1971, University of Southern California; Juris Doctor, Law, 1976, Fordham Law School.
Vladislav Balashov, PRACTIC
Vladislav Balashov is Executive Director of the Training and Consulting Centre PRACTIC (formerly the Centre for Cross Border Educational Programmes "Practic"). Previously Mr. Balashov served as research director of the Economist Intelligence Unit's (EIU) Moscow joint venture with the Institute of World Economy and International Relations. His responsibilities included managing and participating in customized research projects designed to assist multinational companies in the former Soviet Union; contributing to EIU's publications in the CIS; and participating in the organization of EIU's Moscow-based seminars. Mr. Balashov's consulting and research work has focused on the following sectors: ferrous metallurgy, automotive, chemical, furniture, food, and machine-building. Before joining the EIU Mr. Balashov worked as business and commercial correspondent at the Moscow-based Novosti Press Agency in its western European section, and also as Novosti's special correspondent to Lithuania. While at the agency he undertook a series of research projects and wrote stories for western publications on the effect of economic reforms and the inter-ethnic situation in the USSR. Mr. Balashov completed a ten-month post-graduate study program at the University of Birmingham's (UK) Centre for Russian and East European Studies. He was also granted a NATO fellowship for 1991-92 to conduct a study of market reforms in the former Soviet republics. Mr. Balashov was educated at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations under the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs, specializing in business journalism and East-West trade issues. He is a fluent speaker of Russian and English.
Monday, 27 October 1997
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11:00-12:30 Arrival and registration
12:30-13:45 Lunch
14:00-14:30 Welcome and Overview of the Seminar
John Shideler, Futurepast
Joseph Cascio, Global Environment & Technology Foundation
Vladislav Balashov, Practic
14:30-15:45 Introduction of participants
15:45-16:00 Break
16:00-16:30 Why EMS? (John Shideler)
16:30-17:30 Introduction to Environmental Management Systems (Joe Cascio)
17:30-18:00 Discussion of elements that are similar and dissimilar in western and Russian management approaches (all)
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9:00-9:30 Description of an EMS (Joe Cascio)
9:30-10:00 Environmental aspects management (Joe Cascio)
10:00-11:30 Breakout sessions: Selecting significant environmental aspects
11:30-12:30 The command and control response to environmental issues in the US-a historical perspective (John Shideler)
12:30-13:45 Lunch
14:00-15:00 Development of an environmental policy (Joe Cascio)
15:00-15:45 Discussion of what the "real" environmental policies are of industries as measured by performance, market incentives, and government policy (all)
16:00-16:30 Importance of management commitment to the EMS (Joe Cascio)
16:30-16:45 Break
16:45-18:00 Breakout sessions: Writing policy statements.
18:00-18:30 Discussion and feedback
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9:00-10:00 Case study of the electronics industry (Joe Cascio)
10:00-10:45 Change management, or how to implement a new policy (John Shideler)
10:45:11:00 Break
11:00-11:45 Industry advantages in adopting a voluntary ISO 14000-based EMS (Joe Cascio)
11:45:12:30 Government responses in the US to development of ISO 14000 based EMS (Joe Cascio)
12:30-13:45 Lunch
14:00-14:45 ISO 14000 and world institutions (guest speaker, Renat Perelet)
14:45-15:30 Public policy options: How will ISO 14000 affect future policy choices? (John Shideler)
15:30-15:45 Break
15:45-17:00 Break out sessions: the impact that voluntary adoption of an EMS would have on industry/government relations in Russia (groups comprised of individuals representing different economic sectors or regions)
17:00-18:00 Public involvement (John Shideler and Joe Cascio)
18:00-18:30 Group discussion and feedback
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9:00-10:30 Other elements of ISO 14001 (Joe Cascio)
10:30-10:45 Break
10:45:12:00 Global overview of countries, sectors, companies (Joe Cascio)
12:00-12:30 Discussion
12:30-13:45 Lunch
14:00-15:00 Creating new business opportunities from environmental opportunity: Mercury Refining Company and the Romelt steel production process (John Shideler)
16:00-16:45 ISO 14000 Product Standards (Joe Cascio)
16:45-17:00 Break
17:00-18:00 The IBM experience (Joe Cascio)
18:00-18:30 Group discussion and feedback
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9:00-9:30 Discussion of week's program to date, identification of topics of special interest for further elaboration (all)
9:30-10:30 Conformity assessment: accreditation and certification (Joe Cascio)
10:30-10:45 Break
10:45-11:30 What to expect when working with certifiers and consultants (Joe Cascio)
11:30-12:00 The role of trade associations (John Shideler)
12:00-12:30 Resources available in Russia (Vladislav Balashov, John Shideler)
12:30-13:45 Lunch
14:00-15:30 Breakout sessions: an agenda for change-concrete steps that need to be taken by individual enterprises and/or by associations
15:30-15:45 Break
15:45-16:30 Lessons given and lessons learned: reflections on the path forward for ISO 14000 adoption in Russia (Joe Cascio)
16:30-17:00 Conclusions, summary, and next steps (John Shideler, all)